N5 Kanji List: 112 Beginner Kanji + Free PDF

Key Takeaways

1. This guide includes 112 common beginner kanji for practical JLPT N5 study.
2. Each kanji includes up to two beginner-relevant readings, paired with real words whenever useful.
3. You do not need to memorize every possible reading at once. Start with the reading inside the word you are actually learning, then use the AI prompts below to practice it in new sentences and quizzes.

Looking for a complete N5 kanji list? Start here.

Below are 112 common beginner kanji for JLPT N5 study, grouped by theme with simple meanings and real words that show you how each kanji is actually read.

I made this list for the kind of question I had as a self-taught beginner: if 日 can be read as にち, ひ, or something else depending on the word, what am I actually supposed to learn?

So instead of giving you a long list of isolated readings, I pair the most beginner-relevant readings with real words:

にち → 毎日（まいにち） · every day

ひ → 日（ひ） · day · sun

Some kanji have many more possible readings than the ones shown here. This is not meant to be a complete dictionary of every possible pronunciation. The goal is to give you a practical N5 reference without overwhelming you on day one.

You can also download a more detailed self-study PDF with additional vocabulary, kana, romaji, short conversations, and review pages, use the printable kanji chart for quick review, or copy one of the AI prompts further down to turn any kanji here into fresh practice sentences and quizzes.

Why Does One Kanji Have Different Readings?

Many kanji have more than one reading.

The two main types are on’yomi（音読み）, which are historically Chinese-derived readings, and kun’yomi（訓読み）, which come from native Japanese words.

As a rough pattern, you will often see on’yomi in words made from two or more kanji, while kun’yomi often appears when a kanji stands alone or has a hiragana ending. But this is not a perfect rule, and Japanese has plenty of exceptions.

Here are three examples:

Kanji	One Reading in a Real Word	Another Reading in a Real Word
日	にち → 毎日（まいにち） · every day	ひ → 日（ひ） · day · sun
食	しょく → 食事（しょくじ） · meal	た → 食べる（たべる） · to eat
行	こう → 旅行（りょこう） · travel	い → 行く（いく） · to go

You do not need to memorize every reading at once. Start by learning how the kanji is read inside a real word.

Complete N5 Kanji List by Theme

This complete n5 kanji list is grouped into seven themes.

For each kanji, I show a simple English meaning and up to two useful beginner readings in real words. If only one reading is especially useful at this level, I do not force a second one to fill the table.

Numbers and Counting

You will see these kanji in prices, dates, ages, counters, money, and everyday numbers.

Kanji	Meaning	Reading & Example
一	one	いち → 一月いちがつ · January ひと → 一つひとつ · one thing
二	two	に → 二月にがつ · February ふた → 二つふたつ · two things
三	three	さん → 三人さんにん · three people みっ → 三つみっつ · three things
四	four	し → 四月しがつ · April よ → 四人よにん · four people
五	five	ご → 五分ごふん · five minutes いつ → 五ついつつ · five things
六	six	ろく → 六時ろくじ · six o’clock むっ → 六つむっつ · six things
七	seven	しち → 七月しちがつ · July なな → 七つななつ · seven things
八	eight	はち → 八時はちじ · eight o’clock やっ → 八つやっつ · eight things
九	nine	く → 九月くがつ · September ここの → 九つここのつ · nine things
十	ten	じゅう → 十分じゅっぷん · ten minutes とお → 十 · ten
百	hundred	ひゃく → 百円ひゃくえん · 100 yen
千	thousand	せん → 千円せんえん · 1,000 yen
万	ten thousand	まん → 一万円いちまんえん · 10,000 yen
億	hundred million	おく → 一億いちおく · one hundred million
円	yen	えん → 百円ひゃくえん · 100 yen
半	half	はん → 一時半いちじはん · 1:30

Time and Calendar

You will see these kanji in dates, schedules, opening hours, train timetables, and everyday conversations.

Kanji	Meaning	Reading & Example
日	day · sun	にち → 毎日まいにち · every day ひ → 日ひ · day · sun
週	week	しゅう → 毎週まいしゅう · every week
月	month · moon	げつ → 月曜日げつようび · Monday がつ → 一月いちがつ · January
年	year	ねん → 来年らいねん · next year とし → 年とし · year
時	time · hour	じ → 八時はちじ · eight o’clock とき → 時とき · time
間	interval · period	かん → 一時間いちじかん · one hour あいだ → 間あいだ · between
分	minute · part	ふん → 五分ごふん · five minutes ぶん → 半分はんぶん · half
午	noon	ご → 午後ごご · p.m. · afternoon
前	before · front	ぜん → 午前ごぜん · a.m. まえ → 前まえ · front · before
後	after · behind	ご → 午後ごご · p.m. · afternoon あと → 後あと · after
今	now	こん → 今月こんげつ · this month いま → 今いま · now
先	ahead · previous	せん → 先生せんせい · teacher さき → 先さき · ahead
来	come · next	らい → 来年らいねん · next year く → 来くる · to come
毎	every	まい → 毎日まいにち · every day

People and Family

These kanji appear when talking about people, family, friends, and relationships.

Kanji	Meaning	Reading & Example
人	person	じん → 日本人にほんじん · Japanese person ひと → 人ひと · person
男	man · male	だん → 男子だんし · boy · male おとこ → 男おとこ · man
女	woman · female	じょ → 女子じょし · girl · female おんな → 女おんな · woman
子	child	し → 女子じょし · girl · female こ → 子こども · child
母	mother	はは → 母はは · my mother かあ → お母かあさん · mother
父	father	ちち → 父ちち · my father とう → お父とうさん · father
友	friend	ゆう → 友人ゆうじん · friend とも → 友ともだち · friend

School, Language and Daily Words

You will meet these kanji in schools, textbooks, language study, transport, shops, and everyday vocabulary.

Places and Directions

These kanji are especially useful on station signs, maps, addresses, entrances, exits, and travel apps.

Kanji	Meaning	Reading & Example
駅	station	えき → 駅 · station
道	road · way	みち → 道 · road どう → 水道すいどう · water supply · tap water
国	country	こく → 外国がいこく · foreign country くに → 国 · country
外	outside · foreign	がい → 外国がいこく · foreign country そと → 外 · outside
内	inside · within	ない → 国内こくない · within the country うち → 内 · inside
上	up · above	じょう → 上手じょうず · good at うえ → 上 · above · on top
下	down · below	か → 地下ちか · underground した → 下 · below · under
右	right	みぎ → 右 · right
左	left	さ → 左右さゆう · left and right ひだり → 左 · left
中	middle · inside	ちゅう → 中国ちゅうごく · China なか → 中 · inside
北	north	きた → 北口きたぐち · north exit
西	west	にし → 西口にしぐち · west exit
東	east	とう → 東京とうきょう · Tokyo ひがし → 東 · east
南	south	なん → 南北なんぼく · north and south みなみ → 南口みなみぐち · south exit
出	exit · go out	で → 出口でぐち · exit
入	enter · go in	にゅう → 入学にゅうがく · enter school はい → 入はいる · to enter

See Them in a Conversation

A: 駅はどこですか。 Where is the station?

B: この道をまっすぐ行って、右です。 Go straight down this road, then it is on the right.

A: 出口は近いですか。 Is the exit nearby?

B: はい、駅の中にあります。 Yes, it is inside the station.

Kanji in this conversation:

駅（えき） · 道（みち） · 行く（いく） · 右（みぎ） · 出口（でぐち） · 近い（ちかい） · 中（なか）

Nature and Everyday Life

You will see these kanji in weather, landscapes, place names, days of the week, and daily life.

Kanji	Meaning	Reading & Example
火	fire	か → 火曜日かようび · Tuesday ひ → 火 · fire
水	water	すい → 水曜日すいようび · Wednesday みず → 水 · water
木	tree · wood	もく → 木曜日もくようび · Thursday き → 木 · tree
金	gold · money	きん → 金曜日きんようび · Friday かね → お金かね · money
土	earth · soil	ど → 土曜日どようび · Saturday つち → 土 · soil
海	sea	かい → 海外かいがい · overseas うみ → 海 · sea
川	river	かわ → 川 · river
山	mountain	さん → 富士山ふじさん · Mount Fuji やま → 山 · mountain
花	flower	はな → 花 · flower
天	sky · heaven	てん → 天気てんき · weather
空	sky · empty	くう → 空気くうき · air そら → 空 · sky
晴	clear weather	は → 晴はれ · clear weather
雨	rain	あめ → 雨 · rain
雪	snow	ゆき → 雪 · snow
雲	cloud	くも → 雲 · cloud
風	wind	ふう → 台風たいふう · typhoon かぜ → 風 · wind

Everyday Actions and Descriptions

This group contains some of the first verbs and adjectives many Japanese learners use.

Kanji	Meaning	Reading & Example
見	see · look	けん → 見学けんがく · study visit み → 見みる · to see · watch
聞	hear · listen · ask	ぶん → 新聞しんぶん · newspaper き → 聞きく · to listen · ask
書	write	しょ → 図書館としょかん · library か → 書かく · to write
言	say · word	げん → 言語げんご · language い → 言いう · to say
話	speak · talk	わ → 電話でんわ · telephone はな → 話はなす · to speak
読	read	どく → 読書どくしょ · reading よ → 読よむ · to read
行	go · travel	こう → 旅行りょこう · travel い → 行いく · to go
買	buy	か → 買かう · to buy
食	eat · food	しょく → 食事しょくじ · meal た → 食たべる · to eat
飲	drink	の → 飲のむ · to drink
休	rest	きゅう → 休日きゅうじつ · day off · holiday やす → 休やすむ · to rest
会	meet	かい → 会社かいしゃ · company あ → 会あう · to meet
多	many · much	た → 多分たぶん · probably おお → 多おおい · many · much
少	few · little	しょう → 少女しょうじょ · girl すく → 少すくない · few · not much
古	old	ふる → 古ふるい · old
新	new	しん → 新聞しんぶん · newspaper あたら → 新あたらしい · new
大	big	だい → 大学だいがく · university おお → 大おおきい · big
小	small	しょう → 小学校しょうがっこう · elementary school ちい → 小ちいさい · small
長	long	ちょう → 社長しゃちょう · company president なが → 長ながい · long
短	short	たん → 短時間たんじかん · short time みじか → 短みじかい · short
遠	far	えん → 遠足えんそく · school excursion とお → 遠とおい · far
近	near	きん → 最近さいきん · recently ちか → 近ちかい · near
白	white	はく → 白紙はくし · blank paper しろ → 白しろい · white
黒	black	こく → 黒板こくばん · blackboard くろ → 黒くろい · black
高	high · expensive	こう → 高校こうこう · high school たか → 高たかい · high · expensive
安	cheap · safe	あん → 安心あんしん · peace of mind やす → 安やすい · cheap

See Them in a Conversation

A: 今日は何をしますか。 What are you doing today?

B: 本を読んで、テレビを見ます。 I’ll read a book and watch TV.

A: その後は？ What about after that?

B: 友だちとごはんを食べます。 I’ll eat with a friend.

Kanji in this conversation: 今日（きょう） · 何（なに） · 本（ほん） · 読む（よむ） · 見る（みる） · 後（あと） · 友だち（ともだち） · 食べる（たべる）

You may notice 読んで in the conversation above. My guide to the Japanese te form explains how verbs like 読む, 見る, 食べる, and 行く change in real sentences.

Practice These Kanji with AI

A list is a good starting point, but you still need to use the kanji before they stick.

None of the tools below require a paid subscription. Whether you use ChatGPT, Claude, or another AI chat tool, copy any of these prompts and swap in the kanji you are currently studying.

Prompt 1: Turn Any Kanji into Practice Sentences

Pick a few kanji from a theme you recently finished and turn them into fresh example sentences instead of only reading the ones in this list.

Best for: learners who finished a theme group above and want more sentence exposure

📋 Copy this prompt:

I'm a beginner studying JLPT N5 kanji. Give me 5 simple example sentences using these kanji: [insert kanji, e.g. 日, 学, 行]. For each sentence, include furigana, romaji, and an English translation. Keep the grammar at absolute beginner level.

The AI will return five short sentences you can read aloud or copy into a flashcard app. If a sentence uses grammar you have not learned yet, ask it to rewrite that one sentence more simply.

Prompt 2: Quiz Yourself on Kanji Readings

Instead of only re-reading the tables above, this turns the same kanji into a short recall test.

Best for: learners who want low-pressure review without building their own quiz

📋 Copy this prompt:

Create a 10-question multiple-choice quiz testing the readings of these N5 kanji in context: [insert kanji list]. Each question should show a real word using one kanji and give four reading options. Show the answer key at the end, after all 10 questions.

Try answering before you look at the answer key. If you miss a question, ask the AI for one more real-word example using that same reading.

Prompt 3: Get More Examples for a Confusing Kanji

Some kanji, like 生 or 行, have enough common readings that one or two example words are not always enough.

Best for: learners stuck on a specific kanji with several common readings

📋 Copy this prompt:

Explain why [insert kanji] has multiple readings in Japanese. Give me 4 real words that use different readings of this kanji, each with furigana and an English meaning, ordered from most common to least common for a beginner.

This works well as a follow-up whenever a kanji from this list still feels shaky after the real-word examples above.

Download the Free N5 Kanji PDF and Printable Chart

Sometimes you want more than a list.

Other times, you want a clean chart you can print or keep nearby for quick review.

That is why I made two different resources.

N5 Kanji Self-Study PDF

The PDF is for actually learning and reviewing the kanji.

It includes:

• 112 beginner kanji
• Two useful words for each kanji
• Kana and romaji
• Simple English meanings
• Helpful verb and adjective labels where useful
• The first 20 kanji I would learn
• Short beginner conversations
• Kanji families
• Easily confused kanji
• A 14-day review tracker

The main idea is simple:

Do not try to memorize every possible reading at once. Start with useful words and notice how the kanji is actually read inside them.

Printable N5 Kanji Chart

The printable chart is designed for quick reference.

It puts all 112 kanji into a clean themed overview so you can print it for your desk, save it to your device, or use it for short review sessions.

How Many Kanji Are in JLPT N5? Why Different Lists Give Different Numbers

There is no single fixed modern official list saying exactly which kanji belong to JLPT N5.

That is why you may see one study resource with around 80 characters, another with 100, and others with 103, 107, or 112.

The official JLPT N5 level description defines N5 by what learners should be able to understand, including typical expressions and sentences written in hiragana, katakana, and basic kanji. It does not give learners a fixed kanji count to memorize.

For self-study, I would focus less on finding the one perfect number and more on recognizing a useful core of beginner kanji inside actual words.

That is why this guide uses 112 common beginner kanji as a practical study set, rather than claiming that these are the exact 112 official characters tested on N5.

Preparing for the actual exam? The official JLPT sample questions can also help you see how different question types are presented.

Is There an Official JLPT N5 Kanji List?

No. The JLPT does not currently publish a fixed list of the exact vocabulary, kanji, and grammar items tested at each level.

The official JLPT FAQ explains that after the 2010 revision, the test stopped publishing its old Test Content Specifications. The JLPT says it made this change because the goal is to measure not only memorized vocabulary, kanji, and grammar, but also the ability to use language knowledge in communicative tasks.

This is why different websites and textbooks may give you different N5 kanji totals.

The 112 characters on this page are best understood as:

A practical beginner study set for N5 preparation, not an official fixed syllabus.

Which N5 Kanji Should You Learn First?

Looking at 112 kanji at once can feel like a lot.

If I were completely new to kanji, I would start with these 20:

一　二　三　日　月　人　大　小　中　上　下　山　川　水　火　見　行　食　飲　学

They give you a useful mix of numbers, time, people, directions, nature, study vocabulary, and everyday actions.

More importantly, many of them quickly lead to words that beginners meet again and again.

日

日本　にほん nihon · Japan

毎日　まいにち mainichi · every day

日曜日　にちようび nichiyoubi · Sunday

学

学生　がくせい gakusei · student

学校　がっこう gakkou · school

大学　だいがく daigaku · university

食

食べる　たべる taberu · to eat

食べ物　たべもの tabemono · food

This is the point where kanji starts to feel less like memorizing isolated symbols and more like building a vocabulary network.

You may also start spotting familiar words in subtitles and shows. My collection of Japanese anime phrases is another way to notice beginner Japanese in context.

Do You Need to Memorize Every N5 Kanji Reading?

No.

I would not recommend trying to memorize every possible on’yomi and kun’yomi reading of every kanji at once.

Take 生.

Depending on the word, it can be read differently:

• 学生（がくせい） · student
• 先生（せんせい） · teacher
• 生まれる（うまれる） · to be born

If you begin with a long list of isolated readings, one simple kanji can suddenly feel overwhelming.

But when each reading is attached to a useful word, it has context.

The same thing happens with 日:

• 日本（にほん）
• 毎日（まいにち）
• 日曜日（にちようび）

Or 行:

• 行く（いく）
• 銀行（ぎんこう）
• 旅行（りょこう）

The goal is not to pretend these extra readings do not exist. It is to learn them as you meet them in useful words.

For kanji that simply refuse to stick, short flashcard reviews can help. I also compared a free Quizlet alternative for learners who want another way to build and review vocabulary sets.

Frequently Asked Questions

How many kanji are in JLPT N5?

There is no single fixed official kanji list for JLPT N5.

Different study resources may give different totals because the modern JLPT does not publish exact lists of the vocabulary, kanji, and grammar items tested at each level.

This guide uses 112 common beginner kanji as a practical self-study set.

Is there an official JLPT N5 kanji list?

No.

The JLPT no longer publishes fixed Test Content Specifications containing exact vocabulary, kanji, and grammar lists for each level.

Where can I download a free N5 kanji PDF?

You can download the free N5 kanji self-study PDF on this page.

It includes all 112 characters, useful words, kana, romaji, selected part-of-speech labels, short conversations, kanji families, easily confused characters, and a review tracker.

Is there a printable N5 kanji chart?

Yes.

The printable N5 kanji chart groups all 112 characters by theme for quick reference and review.

Do I need to memorize every on’yomi and kun’yomi reading?

No.

For beginners, it is usually more manageable to learn how a kanji is read inside common words rather than memorizing every possible reading in isolation.

For example, start with:

• 学生（がくせい）
• 先生（せんせい）
• 生まれる（うまれる）

instead of trying to memorize every possible reading of 生 on day one.

Do I need to know stroke order for JLPT N5?

The JLPT uses multiple-choice, computer-scored answer sheets and does not directly test handwriting. If your main goal is N5 reading recognition, you can prioritize recognizing kanji inside words. Writing practice can still be useful if it helps you remember character shapes.

How many N5 kanji should I learn per day?

There is no perfect number.

For many beginners, three to eight new kanji per day can be manageable if you also leave time for vocabulary and review.

I would rather learn five kanji through useful words and remember them than rush through 20 isolated characters.

Final Thoughts

This n5 kanji list can look intimidating with 112 characters on one page.

But you are not really learning 112 mysterious symbols.

You are slowly learning words such as:

日本　学生　学校　電車　毎日　食べる　飲む　行く

Start with the first 20. Learn useful words. Notice when the same kanji appears again with a different reading.

You do not need to master every possible pronunciation today.

You need to recognize a little more Japanese than you did yesterday.